There is no specific program that is superior to the others, however, there are similar goals within in all rehabilitation programs. @]aYb%0R1YjbE:>{\qwWM8e)RT|B [WdOn1P4{hq|Rdf? <>/Metadata 536 0 R/ViewerPreferences 537 0 R>> w.99@nFb[x(A[ SjU-4~*=2m]ri&C|@-E/PueJdk$/brwsOo99" S6r*R1i@&WjK9y@{8p5$4rRCm@uM,2RBrmlLf>=+X4!["R)ju(y[J@u"ZI,Kx{;ZjF* W$[me The validity and reliability of the Vail Sport Test as a measure of performance following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction The results of this study showed good reliability and partially support the validity of the Vail Sport Test as a measure of readiness to return to play. 6. Due to the inadequacy of current return-to-sport tests, the Vail Sport Test (Fig. Br J Sports Med. endstream endobj startxref Sixty-two per cent of patients who had ACL surgery returned to their previous level of sport at 5 years after ACL reconstruction, and the subgroups that did not return to sport because of fear of re-injury and because of an unstable knee found that the difference in knee outcome scores between these 3 groups were statistically significant. Cohort study-exploratory methodological research design. After . https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1gfGkxWlx4o, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yy7GWyMat4Y. This study aims at reviewing the available literature on reliability and validity of existing subjective test protocols, and first recommendations for the use of different subjective screening test methods are given. Comparing the injured knee to the other side and trying to reach as much as possible symmetry is essential for recovery and return to function. 2012; 7(1):20-30. endobj % The purposes of this study are 1) to describe a functional, Physical therapy in sport : official journal of the Association of Chartered Physiotherapists in Sports Medicine. If you believe that this Physiopedia article is the primary source for the information you are refering to, you can use the button below to access a related citation statement. %PDF-1.7 4 0 obj This criteria-based protocol incorporates a dynamic assessment of baseline limb strength, patient-reported outcomes, functional knee stability, bilateral limb symmetry with functional tasks, postural control, power, endurance, agility, and technique with sport-specific tasks and serves as a foundation to expand future evidence-based evaluation. Return to Sport after ACL Reconstruction and Other Knee Operations, This chapter summarizes return to sport (RTS) and reinjury data after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction in 42,275 patients from 95 studies published from 2004 to 2018. hbbd```b```^"^IQ*&@$=L L`l2( xN "co\`Aj| RKl&nD#aPf We <> b+-~G6I4l#/o*>zw,wq(iY}{o=.(I_Pq/|^WmU=T.>Wy*#nK}u1{M)^$P?J ?H[]?|BlCgaAgM7W;Hcp3TOwkvi1xQ8*BN8kvt5 lwGl9-!BVCu 1"g3(-`E2HjCHTh^_B^Mv#)v n5-ZbRq [C:2z9;~d7sGU[{[H*m4A1R'sC'R~Bp1y>-X5j56wQ. 147 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<14B400B356AB134B832E197A3AE22728>]/Index[131 30]/Info 130 0 R/Length 82/Prev 123080/Root 132 0 R/Size 161/Type/XRef/W[1 2 1]>>stream %PDF-1.7 % Cristiani R, Mikkelsen C, Edman G, Forssblad M, Engstrm B, Stlman A. Biggs A, Jenkins WL, Urch SE, Shelbourne KD. <>/ExtGState<>/XObject<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 612 792] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> Accessibility Candace Walker Waldron K, Brown M, Calderon A, Feldman M. Andrade R, Pereira R, van Cingel R, Staal JB, Espregueira-Mendes J. Adams D, Logerstedt D, Hunter-Giordano A, Axe MJ, Snyder-Mackler L. Sinacore JA, Evans AM, Lynch BN, Joreitz RE, Irrgang JJ, Lynch AD. submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements . 11/2017 . Endurance is the ability to exert work for prolonged time and resist fatigue. X7+FR "m~^ w8&@f` XK10.22 l}t Published in International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy 2012, J. C. Garrison, E. Shanley, C. Thigpen, R. Geary, M. Osler, Jackie Delgiorno. ,I)rK7KlM///mKzQd(MN6dh,t&gqh17_aiGWE+y&D]/-un..1]*9n>}}YSkt[|I L|Y>O/)Vwd4UaPq4fE]mtgEDL_W7&r0xpufoO z(^aCsl [_B8RE=;/ #u BI1h4IW'A6td~_--bw*_v8 6k-w3HOC.msl5B.[qo].d|DP# x R!R"s3cHNuq,n|;5m:#hrWs#q;v6%SV%eumNGpG Hu.Z&ERkG.#1AY+@V&>iQDC@- \S~P_K2iV_V("Zy=eEVs(Jw(. 4 0 obj The findings indicate that patients are not fully rehabilitated 11months after ACL reconstruction, and it is suggested that functional testing should be performed both under non-fatigued and fatigued test conditions. Participants: Forty-eight participants who underwent ACL-R. Main outcome measure: Participants performance on the Vail Sport TestTM was graded by an experienced rater in real-time, and . 2016 May;51(5):425-7. doi: 10.4085/1062-6050.51.5.11. The purposes of this study are 1) to describe a functional test (Vail Sport Test) that includes the evaluation of muscle strength, endurance, power, and movement quality in those patients. Clinical Research Laboratory. Sports Medicine and Performance Center | sportsmedicine.kansashealthsystem.com | Phone: 855-898-9275 pg. %PDF-1.5 % MeSH 2 0 obj x[[s9~OU/*,SnR3>$+/INHZ?IGo'^|N y}|1$D+F`v|O'fg*!zN ~9308f900dNOraG_JpKA To determine the between-day reliability, a subset of participants returned to repeat the test. endobj Build a specific drills program depending on your patient's sport-specific needs. A test battery consisting of a knee-extension, knee-flexion and leg-press muscle power test had high ability to determine deficits in leg power 6months after ACL injury and reconstruction and may contribute to the decision-making process when deciding whether and when patients can safely return to strenuous physical activities. Developing velocity requires lower resistance, about 30% 1 RM for 6 reps, 1-3 sets with 3 minutes rest. Design: Cohort study-exploratory methodological research design. Rehabilitation for patients following ACL reconstruction: Arthrofibrosis following ACL reconstructionreasons and outcome. uuid:0145AEDA-8081-4B56-969A-0706CADDFBEE ACL rehabilitation progression: where are we now? 378 0 obj <>stream Save 1.6K views 11 months ago Rehabilitation to Sports Performance - A Criterion Based, Functional Testing Algorithm for Return to Sport Success The video provides an overview of the Vail. Available from: Demonstration of Anti-Gravity Treadmill at Michigan Medicine. a dissertation . stream Vail Sport Test Scoring One point is given for each criterion completed with proper technique during the time intervals (yes = 1, no = 0) . Regaining full ROM for both knees should be aimed during rehabilitation. Researchers consider ROM symmetry to be the most important factors in successful rehabilitation and long-term patient satisfaction: Achieving symmetry depends on many factors such as surgical approach; graft type, donor site, proper graft placement, knee hyperextension after graft placement, pre-operative rehab, post-operative, rehab periodic evaluations and follow-ups up to 10 years after surgery[9]. 4 0 obj In the acute management phase, there are some considerations to protect the surgical repair and allow healing without compromising ROM. Semantic Scholar is a free, AI-powered research tool for scientific literature, based at the Allen Institute for AI. 1}Q4;\j9c^[y^wt;!%Fl{Qbn}?] cQv_bLcK?q]~~n~/|-mIFr;g9]XLj2w.;_|*jh3.zL":'vYbDU-*0}s=$e OC(7qRj+S682ef\d}k"uGdQ{O0O+Vy^_%k!M]1 The reliability of the vail sport test as a measure of physical performance following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Garrison JC, Shanley E, Thigpen C, Geary R, Osler M, Delgiorno J. Int J Sports Phys Ther. 2020 Oct 15;7(1):83. doi: 10.1186/s40634-020-00298-8. Clin Orthop Relat Res. Preliminary Functional Test Week 12 (Prior to 12-week follow-up appointment) Test Dynamic Valgus * (Y/N) R L % . Available from: Lewek M, Rudolph K, Axe M, Snyder-Mackler L. Logan Hutsko - Vail Sport Test. Orthop J Sports Med. Physiopedia articles are best used to find the original sources of information (see the references list at the bottom of the article). 2 0 obj The findings indicate that patients are not fully rehabilitated 11months after ACL reconstruction, and it is suggested that functional testing should be performed both under non-fatigued and fatigued test conditions. Bookshelf 8 0 obj 2017;5(8):1-5. Search life-sciences literature (Over 39 million articles, preprints and more) (Over 39 million articles, preprints and more) endobj I2^L*./Oe'Yrx` 8^, The effect of insufficient quadriceps strength on gait after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. 3 0 obj Test; VHST: Vail Hip Sport Test; *predictive validity regarding injuries of lower extremity. Garrison JC, Bothwell JM, Wolf G, Aryal S, Thigpen CA. Findings indicate that, while unilateral deficits are present in individuals following ACL reconstruction, they may not be evident during bipedal performance or during modified versions of double-limb performance activities. The purpose of this clinical commentary is to provide the rehabilitation specialist such a program directed toward safely returning the athlete to alpine skiing. <> Compared with matched healthy controls, the participants who underwent ACLR demonstrated an inferior objective profile at RTS, consisting of deficits in surgical limb loading, self-reported outcomes, and strength. Y BALANCE TEST ANTERIOR REACH SYMMETRY AT THREE MONTHS IS RELATED TO SINGLE LEG FUNCTIONAL PERFORMANCE AT TIME OF RETURN TO SPORTS FOLLOWING ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT RECONSTRUCTION. acute management after ACL reconstruction, Anterior cruciate ligament (BTB) rehabilitation guideline. Back leg squat/Leg press for 10 rep at >70% of the predicted 10 RM. Microsoft Word 2016 METHODS %PDF-1.5 stream These goals should be prioritized depending on athletic needs. Alter-G treadmill or pool running is helpful when you want to start with partial weight-bearing, progressing 5% each session till full weigh-bearing. stream 2015 Oct;10(5):602-11. 160 0 obj <>stream Participants: Conclusion: The Vail Sport Test demonstrated good convergent construct validity on the operated limb, good external validity on both the operated and uninvolved limb, and good between-day reliability on the operated limb. Early Operative Versus Delayed or Nonoperative Treatment of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries in Pediatric Patients. endobj endobj You may begin with 4 minutes of walking to a minute of running repeated 4 times over 20 minutes, 2-3 times per week. Setting: Clinical Research Laboratory. Findings indicate that, while unilateral deficits are present in individuals following ACL reconstruction, they may not be evident during bipedal performance or during modified versions of double-limb performance activities. Speed and Agility are important for re-conditioning and return to sport. Three major. Thomas AC, Villwock M, Wojtys EM, Palmieri-Smith RM. This site needs JavaScript to work properly. $m]5+vQ' 6 $L!phy|p^/g'zvtr1xA^$d4qr2|zFvwvw_3rrv.#HQ9-9$WWovwwrc_;+EhN4)AS[B$mXgZ-XSzHc5l'G8=y?xO/wxw Int J Sports Phys Ther. %PDF-1.7 1 0 obj <>/Metadata 378 0 R/Pages 2 0 R/StructTreeRoot 46 0 R/Type/Catalog/ViewerPreferences 376 0 R>> endobj 378 0 obj <>stream Methods: A prospective cohort study design. 15 reps single leg squat from a 10 inch step/box, Anterior reach on the Y-Balance test within 8 cm difference from the opposite leg, Back squat/Leg press at 80% of the predicted 10 RM, Anterior reach distance within 4 cm difference from the opposite leg on the Y-Balance test, Quad girth within 1 cm compared to the contralateral side, Hamstrings/Quad ratio 60%, using a handheld dynamometer. @article{Garrison2012TheRO, title={The reliability of the vail sport test{\texttrademark} as a measure of physical performance following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Principles of postoperative anterior cruciate ligament rehabilitation. Objectives: To determine the validity and inter-session reliability of the Vail Sport TestTM. 6 0 obj in the graduate school of the . 20 There are a total of four components of the test that include a single-leg squat for 3 minutes (Video 1), lateral bounding for 90 seconds (Video 2), and forward/backward jogging for 2 minutes each (Videos 3 and 4). struction can be controversial. For each of the test components, a clinician assesses the athlete's . A comprehensive RTS decision-based model for sports medicine practitioners is discussed that assesses risk of reinjury from multiple factors and determines the clinicians threshold for acceptable risk. hb```f`` B,l@qe|A#a6wa(5Z %` ~/j*]0-P 0 &4BIh O%?QA*Dj3?XXXo30bi{%+iO^&AN;" ~. DOI: 10.4236/health.2017.910104 1420 Health recommendations concerning the use of the tests and to verify the quality crite-ria. x]k6nA_tHd/bg"HFg=_[$ q?X"UInw7WovO>aZoxy:h_b~_={KV0VVuGLU+$)Zsfqm(,t6=I*B:q_^?/3!6wlvDq/[^G]zlrYvzyWX\.yq^RGRZ%#|vZYlg-^v^lK+t^m7d.8w+(jy{''AGs c[y[r IJy"MW6gDF/e4)LD=)9{e ]+y"M__NLB }WZ#Ni);3tr. Would you like email updates of new search results? <> Available from: I give my consent to Physiopedia to be in touch with me via email using the information I have provided in this form for the purpose of news, updates and marketing. Texas Health Resources | Health & Hospital System in North Texas Regardless of the donor site, both knees should be incorporated throughout the rehabilitation process. 2017-12-06T10:45:58-06:00 Copyright 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. It is important to set specific goals and milestones for your athlete and build time frames accordingly. There were no significant difference between the scores collected in real-time and from the kinematic data on the involved limb (p = 0.222). A total of 30 (12 F, 18 M . Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. The results show that the described series of hop tests provide a reliable and valid performance-based outcome measure for patients undergoing rehabilitation following ACL reconstruction, and these findings support the use and facilitate the interpretation ofHop tests for research and clinical practice. <>/Metadata 500 0 R/ViewerPreferences 501 0 R>> A total of, Physical therapy in sport : official journal of the Association of Chartered Physiotherapists in Sports Medicine. endobj 1 0 obj Limited evidence for return to sport testing after ACL reconstruction in children and adolescents under 16years: a scoping review. 8600 Rockville Pike <> Careers. The previous are suggestions to build a road map for you and your patient. When refering to evidence in academic writing, you should always try to reference the primary (original) source. This test will be completed in reverse order (A to C to B to A) to make sure the patient is planting with both the involved and uninvolved foot. 0 Author: Candace Walker . 1c, Fig. <>/ExtGState<>/XObject<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 612 792] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> Physiopedia is not a substitute for professional advice or expert medical services from a qualified healthcare provider. endobj % %PDF-1.5 % National Library of Medicine stream Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy. 1b, Fig. Bousquet BA, O'Brien L, Singleton S, Beggs M. Y Balance Test Explained. This . Purpose: To test single leg endurance strength and evaluate patellar tracking. When setting a weekly plan, consider the priorities for your athlete and the required levels of different physiological characteristics. x][s~0/9/jW-$r Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore. ?~t2\muN>7'Y[AG*gCq5!VB7}m%Qn1/O` e.U0^.AA4v_aUU3we3nlcpZEC5Z&NcjcY^,Bj%*^-[eK8pQBaRS(se" 2wH\(/IPXcmwr(PTr,UL(#QKm\9V!AyK7(P.Q%T*&>S)VY9:wY`? Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery. Participants performance on the Vail Sport Test was graded by an experienced rater in real-time, and simultaneously recorded by a three-dimensional (3D) motion capture system. Forty-eight participants who underwent ACL-R. Main outcome measure: Before Younger Patients and Men Achieve Higher Outcome Scores Than Older Patients and Women After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction. The evidence is rich in ACL-rehabilitation protocols. Predicting outcomes and time-frames, using your clinical experience and clinical reasoning skills, for each goal is also part of your role. MpTp954A6eT! Age, gender, quadriceps strength and hop test performance are the most important factors affecting the achievement of a patient-acceptable symptom state after ACL reconstruction. The ACL rehabilitation plan has 9 Phases: Time frames vary among different sports. C. Wilke et al. Training for high load activities requires 85-100% of 1 RM, 1-3 sets with 3 minutes rest. endobj Conclusion: Exercises should be light intensity (<50% of 1-RM) high repetitions (15-20) for 3 or more sets with less than 60 seconds of rest, 2-3 times weekly with 48 hours rest between sessions to target type 1 atrophied muscle fibers, due to arthrogenic inhibition[14]. endobj hW_o6*zldIC>Hq%Yv.LWKbe8aLjk$%S Int J Sports Phys Ther. attempting to return to sports following ACL reconstruction and 2) to assess the reliability of the Vail Sport Test. The International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy | Volume 7, Number 1 | February 2012 | Page 22 triple hop indices.16 In addition, the quadriceps strength of these patients was correlated with . JFIF C 1ea-e) was developed to assess an athlete's ability to perform four major sport-specific functional activities: (1) single leg squat, (2) lateral bounding, (3) forward running, and (4) backward running). endobj Lai CCH, Ardern CL, Feller JA, Webster KE. *'*,zvchs08S7E?#7`C=>xW1hRU$6RXY"]uVhD&J\VrW.V3Aa&HkSAxNsA+a.pUzN6^1IAga`m","6u(P?w#ZvW government site. Available from: Monday Academic Session - Luke O'Brien - Rehabilitation. 1 Since the inception of this test, it has remained unchanged in design but has undergone scoring changes to increase reliability. <> 5 0 obj Dietvorst M, Brzoskowski MH, van der Steen M, Delvaux E, Janssen RPA, Van Melick N. J Exp Orthop. endstream endobj 309 0 obj <> endobj 310 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/XObject<>>>/Rotate 0/Tabs/S/Type/Page>> endobj 311 0 obj <>stream Evidence-based recommendations for the management of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture. To determine the validity and inter-session reliability of the Vail Sport Test. The Vail sports test will give you an idea how your patient loads his/her injured knee which will reflect on running. >rXCSEPT>TWYC{*Tg+s A2 _ /_% QE#&\&"\#p=@14'5h"hQ{o6qfsWa8h As a physiotherapist, you have a role in guiding your patient through a long-term rehabilitation plan. measure the time it takes to patient to complete the test. uuid:0145AEDA-8081-4B56-969A-0706CADDFBEE 3 0 obj Construct validity was assessed using the reference standards of the camera system and the IKDC short form. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the 2 0 obj The results of this study showed good reliability and partially support the validity of the Vail Sport Test as a measure of readiness to return to play. About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Policy & Safety How YouTube works Test new features Press Copyright Contact us Creators . endobj Disclaimer. 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 No Difficulty Slight Difficulty Moderate Extreme Unable to do Twisting/pivoting on invloved leg Deep squatting Heavy work (push . texas woman's university. endobj %%EOF 9 0 obj 199 Vail Sport Test - Backward Jog -- Texas Health Ben Hogan Sports Medicine Exercises TexasHealthBenHogan 281 subscribers Subscribe Like Share 4.6K views 10 years ago Show more Show more. FOIA 1173185, Selecting Proper Exercises and Parameters. Bethesda, MD 20894, Web Policies Moving from endurance to strength training can start when the athlete shows[14]: Strength is the ability to exert force/torque at a specific speed. This criteria-based protocol incorporates a dynamic assessment of baseline limb strength, patient-reported outcomes, functional knee stability, bilateral limb symmetry with functional tasks, postural control, power, endurance, agility, and technique with sport-specific tasks and serves as a foundation to expand future evidence-based evaluation. For example, building a 30-40 minutes lower body workout would look like. Design: The purposes of this study are 1) to describe a functional test (Vail Sport Test) that includes the evaluation of muscle strength, endurance, power, and movement quality in those patients attempting to return to sports following ACL reconstruction and 2) to assess the reliability of the Vail Sport Test. 340 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<123C55CFD985F54AB0CFEB110C29D7C1>]/Index[308 71]/Info 307 0 R/Length 140/Prev 313627/Root 309 0 R/Size 379/Type/XRef/W[1 3 1]>>stream The intermediate rehabilitation phase goals: Quadriceps Index :''the ratio of involved-side quadriceps strength to uninvolved-side quadriceps strength"[4]. Available from: Single Leg Drop Jump | OSU Sports Medicine. Selecting specific strengthening exercises depends on what muscles you want to emphasis. <> 2017 Oct;475(10):2472-2480. doi: 10.1007/s11999-017-5418-2. ;R~*:x5Tj8GY~*6vUFDe}>:}CDY~*6v*}}( % By clicking accept or continuing to use the site, you agree to the terms outlined in our. endobj The purposes of this study are 1) to describe a functional test (Vail Sport Test) that includes the evaluation of muscle strength, endurance, power, and movement quality in those patients attempting to return to sports following ACL reconstruction and 2) to assess the reliability of the Vail Sport Test. Eighty-three per cent of elite athletes return to preinjury sport after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a systematic review with meta-analysis of return to sport rates, graft rupture rates and performance outcomes. Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society. In young patients with high functional demands, return to sports is allowed no earlier than 912 months after they have undergone a thorough rehabilitation programme, but it is known to be associated with secondary stiffness. The following is a suggested weekly plan for an athlete requires strong lower body as the top priority, cardiovascular fitness, core stability and upper body strength: Accordingly, the plan includes 4 lower body strengthening sessions, 2 cardio sessions, 2 pool sessions, 2 core sessions, 2 upper body strengthening sessions. Alter-G treadmill or pool running is helpful when you want to start with partial weight-bearing, progressing 5% each session till full weigh-bearing. Unauthorized use of these marks is strictly prohibited. hYr~L& t2c;77qn>HLF"UN>vI,{,X`|UMHyF:EVj>r GqCD!Q,QTJu3QSj$H]d )q!RZ+G*0%U^BHd. 308 0 obj <> endobj % HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, Help 2 0 obj The reliability of the vail sport test as a measure of physical performance following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. The .gov means its official. It could be described as a vicious cycle of abnormal loading pattern leading to loss of strength, resulting in more abnormal loading patterns. 3 0 obj <> A recent study of this test on patients post . <>>> The relatively low rate of return to competitive sport despite the high rates of successful outcome in terms of knee impairment-based function suggests that other factors such as psychological factors may be contributing to return-to-sport outcomes. These criteria are based upon quality criteria such as efficiency, utility and Sixty-two per cent of patients who had ACL surgery returned to their previous level of sport at 5 years after ACL reconstruction, and the subgroups that did not return to sport because of fear of re-injury and because of an unstable knee found that the difference in knee outcome scores between these 3 groups were statistically significant. J Athl Train. J?c@WMvl{U[ ~OpgbhUVF7&u7jR,*kaT)Y ,kP>roF'm4R W|Ub8x^. ",#(7),01444'9=82. Anatomic-based popliteus tendon reconstructions resulted in improved outcomes and a high patient satisfaction in patients with a complete tear of the popliteu tendon and symptomatic knee instability. ,(s*@ ;@p'D2g g.wxaCOi!o\/~iwY_\R>9 ~:KmPDP\ S@YVPc^4?~)=TJ`sK+lvS|o%SMm 9 A/naYMM@&(gq[`-RKsUBH$m,'MCkOo0_^x0?W~6}Xlz*i:EsTJbcW#xsH/,x.29YgeULX!N$MS"7a4F.AaonTl@^O.l1wnxg(wYap_@s{T'\i*\eTG4@4c,lra;.$-mhJ]sKMDhK[)Ktq^u-1]~ vo!,bA In most cases Physiopedia articles are a secondary source and so should not be used as references. performance following anterior cruciate ligament . <> The decision to return an athlete to sports following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction can be controversial. Loss of as little as 2 of extension and 5 flexion, compared to the other knee, were associated with lower subjective scores[6]. The test batteries in the current literature show high variability and a lack of essential components necessary for RTS, suggesting a disconnect between recommended guidelines and clinical practice. endstream endobj 132 0 obj <>/Metadata 20 0 R/PageLayout/OneColumn/Pages 129 0 R/StructTreeRoot 34 0 R/Type/Catalog>> endobj 133 0 obj <>/Font<>>>/Rotate 0/StructParents 0/Type/Page>> endobj 134 0 obj <>stream

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